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Enhanced usage of keys obtained by physical, unconditionally secure distributions

Abstract

Unconditionally secure physical key distribution is very slow whenever it is undoubtedly secure. Thus it is practically impossible to use a one-time-pad based cipher to guarantee perfect security be-cause using the key bits more than once gives out statistical information, such as via the known-plain-text-attack or by utilizing known components of the protocol and language statistics. Here we outline a protocol that seems to reduce this problem and allows a near-to-one-time-pad based communication with unconditionally secure physical key of finite length. The unconditionally secure physical key is not used for communication; it is use for a secure communication to generate and share a new software-based key without known-plain-text component, such as keys shared via the Diffie-Hellmann-Merkle protocol. This combined physical/software key distribution based communication looks favorable compared to the physical key based communication when the speed of the physical key distribution is much slower than that of the software-based key distribution. The security proof of this scheme is yet an open problem.

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