48
3

Marcinkiewicz Law of Large Numbers for Outer-products of Heavy-tailed, Long-range Dependent Data

Abstract

The Marcinkiewicz Strong Law, limn1n1pk=1n(DkD)=0\displaystyle\lim_{n\to\infty}\frac{1}{n^{\frac1p}}\sum_{k=1}^n (D_{k}- D)=0 a.s. with p(1,2)p\in(1,2), is studied for outer products Dk=XkXkTD_k=X_k\overline{X}_k^T, where {Xk},{Xk}\{X_k\},\{\overline{X}_k\} are both two-sided (multivariate) linear processes ( with coefficient matrices (Cl),(Cl)(C_l), (\overline{C}_l) and i.i.d.\ zero-mean innovations {Ξ}\{\Xi\}, {Ξ}\{\overline{\Xi}\}). Matrix sequences ClC_l and Cl\overline{C}_l can decay slowly enough (as l|l|\to\infty) that {Xk,Xk}\{X_k,\overline{X}_k\} have long-range dependence while {Dk}\{D_k\} can have heavy tails. In particular, the heavy-tail and long-range-dependence phenomena for {Dk}\{D_k\} are handled simultaneously and a new decoupling property is proved that shows the convergence rate is determined by the worst of the heavy-tails or the long-range dependence, but not the combination. The main result is applied to obtain Marcinkiewicz Strong Law of Large Numbers for stochastic approximation, non-linear functions forms and autocovariances.

View on arXiv
Comments on this paper