Ensuring a Secure and Resilient Smart Grid: Cyber-Attacks and Countermeasures

Over the past years, advanced Smart Grid technologies are deployed in order to enhance grid efficiency and resiliency. Their increased dependency on cyber-resources however, has an immediate impact to the exposure of grid devices to potential vulnerabilities. This paper surveys the latest on Smart Grid security. Specifically, it focuses on the deep understanding of the risk in terms of threats, vulnerabilities and consequences that arise from cyber-attacks. Further, it explores relevant published literature for defense and mitigation techniques against Smart Grid attacks.