Estimation bounds and sharp oracle inequalities of regularized procedures with Lipschitz loss functions

We obtain estimation error rates and sharp oracle inequalities for regularization procedures of the form \begin{equation*} \hat f \in argmin_{f\in F}\left(\frac{1}{N}\sum_{i=1}^N\ell(f(X_i), Y_i)+\lambda \|f\|\right) \end{equation*} when $\|\cdot\|$ is any norm, $F$ is a convex class of functions and $\ell$ is a Lipschitz loss function satisfying a Bernstein condition over $F$. We explore both the bounded and subgaussian stochastic frameworks for the distribution of the $f(X_i)$'s, with no assumption on the distribution of the $Y_i$'s. The general results rely on two main objects: a complexity function, and a sparsity equation, that depend on the specific setting in hand (loss $\ell$ and norm $\|\cdot\|$). As a proof of concept, we obtain minimax rates of convergence in the following problems: 1) matrix completion with any Lipschitz loss function, including the hinge and logistic loss for the so-called 1-bit matrix completion instance of the problem, and quantile losses for the general case, which enables to estimate any quantile on the entries of the matrix; 2) logistic LASSO and variants such as the logistic SLOPE; 3) kernel methods, where the loss is the hinge loss, and the regularization function is the RKHS norm.