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On the the design of optimal location privacy-preserving mechanisms

24 May 2017
Simon Oya
Carmela Troncoso
Fernando Perez-Gonzalez
    AAML
ArXiv (abs)PDFHTML
Abstract

In the last years we have witnessed the appearance of a variety of strategies to design optimal location privacy-preserving mechanisms, in terms of maximizing the adversary's expected error with respect to the users' whereabouts. In this work we take a closer look at the defenses created by these strategies and show that there are many mechanisms that are indeed optimal in terms of adversary's correctness, but not all of them offer the same protection when looking at other dimensions of privacy. To avoid such "bad" choices we argue that the search for optimal mechanisms must be guided by complementary criteria to evaluate the privacy protection they offer. We provide two example auxiliary metrics that help in this regard: the conditional entropy, that captures an information-theoretic aspect of the problem; and the worst-case quality loss, that ensures that the output of the mechanism always provides a minimum utility to the users. We provide a new mechanism to maximize the conditional entropy that is optimal in terms of average adversary error, and compare its performance with previously proposed optimal mechanisms using two real datasets. Our empirical results confirm that no mechanism fares well on every privacy criteria simultaneously, making apparent the need for considering multiple privacy dimensions to have a good understanding of the privacy protection a mechanism provides.

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