Learning Bayes networks using interventional path queries in polynomial time and sample complexity

Causal discovery from empirical data is a fundamental problem in many scientific domains. Observational data allows for identifiability only up to Markov equivalence class. In this paper, we propose a polynomial time algorithm for learning the exact structure of Bayesian networks with high probability, by using interventional path queries. Each path query takes as input an origin node and a target node, and answers whether there is a directed path from the origin to the target. This is done by intervening the origin node and observing samples from the target node. We theoretically show the logarithmic sample complexity for the size of interventional data per path query. Finally, we experimentally validate the correctness of our algorithm in synthetic and real-world networks.