Towards Federated Learning at Scale: System Design
Keith Bonawitz
Hubert Eichner
W. Grieskamp
Dzmitry Huba
A. Ingerman
Vladimir Ivanov
Chloé Kiddon
Jakub Konecný
S. Mazzocchi
H. B. McMahan
Timon Van Overveldt
David Petrou
Daniel Ramage
Jason Roselander

Abstract
Federated Learning is a distributed machine learning approach which enables model training on a large corpus of decentralized data. We have built a scalable production system for Federated Learning in the domain of mobile devices, based on TensorFlow. In this paper, we describe the resulting high-level design, sketch some of the challenges and their solutions, and touch upon the open problems and future directions.
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