Training a multilayer dynamical spintronic network with standard machine learning tools to perform time series classification

The ability to process time-series at low energy cost is critical for many applications. Recurrent neural network, which can perform such tasks, are computationally expensive when implementing in software on conventional computers. Here we propose to implement a recurrent neural network in hardware using spintronic oscillators as dynamical neurons. Using numerical simulations, we build a multi-layer network and demonstrate that we can use backpropagation through time (BPTT) and standard machine learning tools to train this network. Leveraging the transient dynamics of the spintronic oscillators, we solve the sequential digits classification task with $89.83\pm2.91~\%$ accuracy, as good as the equivalent software network. We devise guidelines on how to choose the time constant of the oscillators as well as hyper-parameters of the network to adapt to different input time scales.

@article{plouet2025_2408.02835,
  title={ Training a multilayer dynamical spintronic network with standard machine learning tools to perform time series classification },
  author={ Erwan Plouet and Dédalo Sanz-Hernández and Aymeric Vecchiola and Julie Grollier and Frank Mizrahi },
  journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2408.02835},
  year={ 2025 }
}