HaLoRA: Hardware-aware Low-Rank Adaptation for Large Language Models Based on Hybrid Compute-in-Memory Architecture

Low-rank adaptation (LoRA) is a predominant parameter-efficient finetuning method to adapt large language models (LLMs) for downstream tasks. In this paper, we first propose to deploy the LoRA-finetuned LLMs on the hybrid compute-in-memory (CIM) architecture (i.e., pretrained weights onto RRAM and LoRA onto SRAM). To address performance degradation from RRAM's inherent noise, we design a novel Hardware-aware Low-rank Adaption (HaLoRA) method, aiming to train a LoRA branch that is both robust and accurate by aligning the training objectives under both ideal and noisy conditions. Experiments finetuning LLaMA 3.2 1B and 3B demonstrate HaLoRA's effectiveness across multiple reasoning tasks, achieving up to 22.7 improvement in average score while maintaining robustness at various noise levels.

@article{wu2025_2502.19747,
  title={ HaLoRA: Hardware-aware Low-Rank Adaptation for Large Language Models Based on Hybrid Compute-in-Memory Architecture },
  author={ Taiqiang Wu and Chenchen Ding and Wenyong Zhou and Yuxin Cheng and Xincheng Feng and Shuqi Wang and Chufan Shi and Zhengwu Liu and Ngai Wong },
  journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2502.19747},
  year={ 2025 }
}