A Framework for Cryptographic Verifiability of End-to-End AI Pipelines

The increasing integration of Artificial Intelligence across multiple industry sectors necessitates robust mechanisms for ensuring transparency, trust, and auditability of its development and deployment. This topic is particularly important in light of recent calls in various jurisdictions to introduce regulation and legislation on AI safety. In this paper, we propose a framework for complete verifiable AI pipelines, identifying key components and analyzing existing cryptographic approaches that contribute to verifiability across different stages of the AI lifecycle, from data sourcing to training, inference, and unlearning. This framework could be used to combat misinformation by providing cryptographic proofs alongside AI-generated assets to allow downstream verification of their provenance and correctness. Our findings underscore the importance of ongoing research to develop cryptographic tools that are not only efficient for isolated AI processes, but that are efficiently `linkable' across different processes within the AI pipeline, to support the development of end-to-end verifiable AI technologies.

@article{balan2025_2503.22573,
  title={ A Framework for Cryptographic Verifiability of End-to-End AI Pipelines },
  author={ Kar Balan and Robert Learney and Tim Wood },
  journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2503.22573},
  year={ 2025 }
}