F5R-TTS: Improving Flow-Matching based Text-to-Speech with Group Relative Policy Optimization

We present F5R-TTS, a novel text-to-speech (TTS) system that integrates Group Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO) into a flow-matching based architecture. By reformulating the deterministic outputs of flow-matching TTS into probabilistic Gaussian distributions, our approach enables seamless integration of reinforcement learning algorithms. During pretraining, we train a probabilistically reformulated flow-matching based model which is derived from F5-TTS with an open-source dataset. In the subsequent reinforcement learning (RL) phase, we employ a GRPO-driven enhancement stage that leverages dual reward metrics: word error rate (WER) computed via automatic speech recognition and speaker similarity (SIM) assessed by verification models. Experimental results on zero-shot voice cloning demonstrate that F5R-TTS achieves significant improvements in both speech intelligibility (a 29.5% relative reduction in WER) and speaker similarity (a 4.6% relative increase in SIM score) compared to conventional flow-matching based TTS systems. Audio samples are available atthis https URL.

@article{sun2025_2504.02407,
  title={ F5R-TTS: Improving Flow-Matching based Text-to-Speech with Group Relative Policy Optimization },
  author={ Xiaohui Sun and Ruitong Xiao and Jianye Mo and Bowen Wu and Qun Yu and Baoxun Wang },
  journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2504.02407},
  year={ 2025 }
}