Accelerating LLM Inference Throughput via Asynchronous KV Cache Prefetching

Large Language Models (LLMs) exhibit pronounced memory-bound characteristics during inference due to High Bandwidth Memory (HBM) bandwidth constraints. In this paper, we propose an L2 Cache-oriented asynchronous KV Cache prefetching method to break through the memory bandwidth bottleneck in LLM inference through computation-load overlap. By strategically scheduling idle memory bandwidth during active computation windows, our method proactively prefetches required KV Cache into GPU L2 cache, enabling high-speed L2 cache hits for subsequent accesses and effectively hiding HBM access latency within computational cycles. Extensive experiments on NVIDIA H20 GPUs demonstrate that the proposed method achieves 2.15x improvement in attention kernel efficiency and up to 1.97x end-to-end throughput enhancement, surpassing state-of-the-art baseline FlashAttention-3. Notably, our solution maintains orthogonality to existing optimization techniques and can be integrated with current inference frameworks, providing a scalable latency-hiding solution for next-generation LLM inference engines.

@article{dong2025_2504.06319,
  title={ Accelerating LLM Inference Throughput via Asynchronous KV Cache Prefetching },
  author={ Yanhao Dong and Yubo Miao and Weinan Li and Xiao Zheng and Chao Wang and Feng Lyu },
  journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2504.06319},
  year={ 2025 }
}