LoRAX: LoRA eXpandable Networks for Continual Synthetic Image Attribution

As generative AI image technologies become more widespread and advanced, there is a growing need for strong attribution models. These models are crucial for verifying the authenticity of images and identifying the architecture of their originating generative models-key to maintaining media integrity. However, attribution models struggle to generalize to unseen models, and traditional fine-tuning methods for updating these models have shown to be impractical in real-world settings. To address these challenges, we propose LoRA eXpandable Networks (LoRAX), a parameter-efficient class incremental algorithm that adapts to novel generative image models without the need for full retraining. Our approach trains an extremely parameter-efficient feature extractor per continual learning task via Low Rank Adaptation. Each task-specific feature extractor learns distinct features while only requiring a small fraction of the parameters present in the underlying feature extractor's backbone model. Our extensive experimentation shows LoRAX outperforms or remains competitive with state-of-the-art class incremental learning algorithms on the Continual Deepfake Detection benchmark across all training scenarios and memory settings, while requiring less than 3% of the number of trainable parameters per feature extractor compared to the full-rank implementation. LoRAX code is available at:this https URL.

@article{sullivan-pao2025_2504.08149,
  title={ LoRAX: LoRA eXpandable Networks for Continual Synthetic Image Attribution },
  author={ Danielle Sullivan-Pao and Nicole Tian and Pooya Khorrami },
  journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2504.08149},
  year={ 2025 }
}