PipeWeaver: Addressing Data Dynamicity in Large Multimodal Model Training with Dynamic Interleaved Pipeline

Large multimodal models (LMMs) have demonstrated excellent capabilities in both understanding and generation tasks with various modalities. While these models can accept flexible combinations of input data, their training efficiency suffers from two major issues: pipeline stage imbalance caused by heterogeneous model architectures, and training data dynamicity stemming from the diversity of multimodal data.In this paper, we present PipeWeaver, a dynamic pipeline scheduling framework designed for LMM training. The core of PipeWeaver is dynamic interleaved pipeline, which searches for pipeline schedules dynamically tailored to current training batches. PipeWeaver addresses issues of LMM training with two techniques: adaptive modality-aware partitioning and efficient pipeline schedule search within a hierarchical schedule space. Meanwhile, PipeWeaver utilizes SEMU (Step Emulator), a training simulator for multimodal models, for accurate performance estimations, accelerated by spatial-temporal subgraph reuse to improve search efficiency. Experiments show that PipeWeaver can enhance LMM training efficiency by up to 97.3% compared to state-of-the-art systems, and demonstrate excellent adaptivity to LMM training's data dynamicity.

@article{xue2025_2504.14145,
  title={ PipeWeaver: Addressing Data Dynamicity in Large Multimodal Model Training with Dynamic Interleaved Pipeline },
  author={ Zhenliang Xue and Hanpeng Hu and Xing Chen and Yimin Jiang and Yixin Song and Zeyu Mi and Yibo Zhu and Daxin Jiang and Yubin Xia and Haibo Chen },
  journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2504.14145},
  year={ 2025 }
}