Can Large Language Models Help Multimodal Language Analysis? MMLA: A Comprehensive Benchmark

Multimodal language analysis is a rapidly evolving field that leverages multiple modalities to enhance the understanding of high-level semantics underlying human conversational utterances. Despite its significance, little research has investigated the capability of multimodal large language models (MLLMs) to comprehend cognitive-level semantics. In this paper, we introduce MMLA, a comprehensive benchmark specifically designed to address this gap. MMLA comprises over 61K multimodal utterances drawn from both staged and real-world scenarios, covering six core dimensions of multimodal semantics: intent, emotion, dialogue act, sentiment, speaking style, and communication behavior. We evaluate eight mainstream branches of LLMs and MLLMs using three methods: zero-shot inference, supervised fine-tuning, and instruction tuning. Extensive experiments reveal that even fine-tuned models achieve only about 60%~70% accuracy, underscoring the limitations of current MLLMs in understanding complex human language. We believe that MMLA will serve as a solid foundation for exploring the potential of large language models in multimodal language analysis and provide valuable resources to advance this field. The datasets and code are open-sourced atthis https URL.

@article{zhang2025_2504.16427,
  title={ Can Large Language Models Help Multimodal Language Analysis? MMLA: A Comprehensive Benchmark },
  author={ Hanlei Zhang and Zhuohang Li and Yeshuang Zhu and Hua Xu and Peiwu Wang and Haige Zhu and Jie Zhou and Jinchao Zhang },
  journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2504.16427},
  year={ 2025 }
}