A dynamic view of the double descent

It has been observed by Belkin et al.\ that overparametrized neural networks exhibit a `double descent' phenomenon. That is, as the model complexity, as reflected in the number of features, increases, the training error initially decreases, then increases, and then decreases again. A counterpart of this phenomenon in the time domain has been noted in the context of epoch-wise training, viz., that the training error decreases with time, then increases, then decreases again. This note presents a plausible explanation for this phenomenon by using the theory of two time scale stochastic approximation and singularly perturbed differential equations, applied to the continuous time limit of the gradient dynamics. This adds a `dynamic' angle to an already well studied theme.

@article{borkar2025_2505.01751,
  title={ A dynamic view of the double descent },
  author={ Vivek Shripad Borkar },
  journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2505.01751},
  year={ 2025 }
}