New Statistical and Computational Results for Learning Junta Distributions

We study the problem of learning junta distributions on $\{0, 1\}^n$, where a distribution is a $k$-junta if its probability mass function depends on a subset of at most $k$ variables. We make two main contributions:- We show that learning $k$-junta distributions is \emph{computationally} equivalent to learning $k$-parity functions with noise (LPN), a landmark problem in computational learning theory.- We design an algorithm for learning junta distributions whose statistical complexity is optimal, up to polylogarithmic factors. Computationally, our algorithm matches the complexity of previous (non-sample-optimal) algorithms.Combined, our two contributions imply that our algorithm cannot be significantly improved, statistically or computationally, barring a breakthrough for LPN.

@article{beretta2025_2505.05819,
  title={ New Statistical and Computational Results for Learning Junta Distributions },
  author={ Lorenzo Beretta },
  journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2505.05819},
  year={ 2025 }
}