Towards Texture- And Shape-Independent 3D Keypoint Estimation in Birds

In this paper, we present a texture-independent approach to estimate and track 3D joint positions of multiple pigeons. For this purpose, we build upon the existing 3D-MuPPET framework, which estimates and tracks the 3D poses of up to 10 pigeons using a multi-view camera setup. We extend this framework by using a segmentation method that generates silhouettes of the individuals, which are then used to estimate 2D keypoints. Following 3D-MuPPET, these 2D keypoints are triangulated to infer 3D poses, and identities are matched in the first frame and tracked in 2D across subsequent frames. Our proposed texture-independent approach achieves comparable accuracy to the original texture-dependent 3D-MuPPET framework. Additionally, we explore our approach's applicability to other bird species. To do that, we infer the 2D joint positions of four bird species without additional fine-tuning the model trained on pigeons and obtain preliminary promising results. Thus, we think that our approach serves as a solid foundation and inspires the development of more robust and accurate texture-independent pose estimation frameworks.

@article{schmuker2025_2505.16633,
  title={ Towards Texture- And Shape-Independent 3D Keypoint Estimation in Birds },
  author={ Valentin Schmuker and Alex Hoi Hang Chan and Bastian Goldluecke and Urs Waldmann },
  journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2505.16633},
  year={ 2025 }
}