The environmental impact of Artificial Intelligence (AI)-enabled systems is increasing rapidly, and software engineering plays a critical role in developing sustainable solutions. The "Greening AI with Software Engineering" CECAM-Lorentz workshop (no. 1358, 2025) funded by the Centre Européen de Calcul Atomique et Moléculaire and the Lorentz Center, provided an interdisciplinary forum for 29 participants, from practitioners to academics, to share knowledge, ideas, practices, and current results dedicated to advancing green software and AI research. The workshop was held February 3-7, 2025, in Lausanne, Switzerland. Through keynotes, flash talks, and collaborative discussions, participants identified and prioritized key challenges for the field. These included energy assessment and standardization, benchmarking practices, sustainability-aware architectures, runtime adaptation, empirical methodologies, and education. This report presents a research agenda emerging from the workshop, outlining open research directions and practical recommendations to guide the development of environmentally sustainable AI-enabled systems rooted in software engineering principles.

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@article{cruz2025_2506.01774,
  title={ Greening AI-enabled Systems with Software Engineering: A Research Agenda for Environmentally Sustainable AI Practices },
  author={ Luís Cruz and João Paulo Fernandes and Maja H. Kirkeby and Silverio Martínez-Fernández and June Sallou and Hina Anwar and Enrique Barba Roque and Justus Bogner and Joel Castaño and Fernando Castor and Aadil Chasmawala and Simão Cunha and Daniel Feitosa and Alexandra González and Andreas Jedlitschka and Patricia Lago and Henry Muccini and Ana Oprescu and Pooja Rani and João Saraiva and Federica Sarro and Raghavendra Selvan and Karthik Vaidhyanathan and Roberto Verdecchia and Ivan P. Yamshchikov },
  journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2506.01774},
  year={ 2025 }
}

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