What is Cybersecurity in Space?

Satellites, drones, and 5G space links now supportcritical services such as air traffic, finance, and weather. Yet mostwere not built to resist modern cyber threats. Ground stationscan be breached, GPS jammed, and supply chains compromised,while no shared list of vulnerabilities or safe testing range exists.This paper maps eleven research gaps, including securerouting, onboard intrusion detection, recovery methods, trustedsupply chains, post-quantum encryption, zero-trust architectures,and real-time impact monitoring. For each, we outline thechallenge, why it matters, and a guiding research question. Wealso highlight an agentic (multi-agent) AI approach where small,task-specific agents share defense tasks onboard instead of onelarge model.Finally, we propose a five-year roadmap: post-quantum andQKD flight trials, open cyber-ranges, clearer vulnerability shar ing, and early multi-agent deployments. These steps move spacecybersecurity from reactive patching toward proactive resilience.