Hallucination in Language Models

HILM

Dedicated to studies primarily investigating the causes, implications, and solutions for the phenomenon where language models generate plausible but incorrect or nonsensical outputs.

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HaluMem: Evaluating Hallucinations in Memory Systems of Agents Ding Chen Simin Niu Kehang Li Peng Liu Xiangping Zheng Bo Tang X. Li Feiyu Xiong Zhiyu Li LLMAG HILM VLM 8 0 0 05 Nov 2025
PrefixNLI: Detecting Factual Inconsistencies as Soon as They Arise Sapir Harary Eran Hirsch Aviv Slobodkin David Wan Mohit Bansal Ido Dagan HILM 121 0 0 03 Nov 2025
VISTA Score: Verification In Sequential Turn-based Assessment A. Lewis Andrew Perrault Eric Fosler-Lussier Michael White HILM 100 0 0 30 Oct 2025
Hallucinations in Bibliographic Recommendation: Citation Frequency as a Proxy for Training Data Redundancy Junichiro Niimi HILM RALM 12 0 0 29 Oct 2025
SciTrust 2.0: A Comprehensive Framework for Evaluating Trustworthiness of Large Language Models in Scientific Applications Emily Herron Junqi Yin Feiyi Wang HILM ELM 123 0 0 29 Oct 2025
Layer of Truth: Probing Belief Shifts under Continual Pre-Training Poisoning S. Churina Niranjan Chebrolu Kokil Jaidka KELM HILM CLL 124 0 0 29 Oct 2025
Challenging Multilingual LLMs: A New Taxonomy and Benchmark for Unraveling Hallucination in Translation Xinwei Wu Heng Liu Jiang Zhou Xiaohu Zhao Linlong Xu Longyue Wang Weihua Luo Kaifu Zhang HILM 88 0 0 28 Oct 2025
MAD-Fact: A Multi-Agent Debate Framework for Long-Form Factuality Evaluation in LLMs Yucheng Ning Xixun Lin Fang Fang Yanan Cao HILM 94 0 0 27 Oct 2025
MR-Align: Meta-Reasoning Informed Factuality Alignment for Large Reasoning Models Xinming Wang Jian Xu Bin Yu Sheng Lian Hongzhu Yi ... Boran Wang Hongming Yang Han Hu Xu-Yao Zhang Cheng-Lin Liu HILM LRM 32 0 0 27 Oct 2025
Multi-Modal Fact-Verification Framework for Reducing Hallucinations in Large Language Models Piyushkumar Patel HILM 56 0 0 26 Oct 2025
Confabulations from ACL Publications (CAP): A Dataset for Scientific Hallucination Detection Federica Gamba Aman Sinha Timothee Mickus Raul Vazquez Patanjali Bhamidipati ... Aryan Chandramania Rohit Agarwal Chuyuan Li Ioana Buhnila Radhika Mamidi HILM 48 0 0 25 Oct 2025
A Benchmark for Open-Domain Numerical Fact-Checking Enhanced by Claim Decomposition Venktesh V Deepali Prabhu Avishek Anand HILM 51 0 0 24 Oct 2025
Embedding Trust: Semantic Isotropy Predicts Nonfactuality in Long-Form Text Generation Dhrupad Bhardwaj Julia Kempe Tim G. J. Rudner HILM 115 0 0 24 Oct 2025
A Diagnostic Benchmark for Sweden-Related Factual Knowledge Jenny Kunz HILM 36 0 0 24 Oct 2025
The Gray Zone of Faithfulness: Taming Ambiguity in Unfaithfulness Detection Qiang Ding Lvzhou Luo Yixuan Cao Ping Luo HILM 92 0 0 24 Oct 2025
JointCQ: Improving Factual Hallucination Detection with Joint Claim and Query Generation F. Xu Huixuan Zhang Zhenliang Zhang Jiahao Wang Xiaojun Wan HILM 76 0 0 22 Oct 2025
Teaming LLMs to Detect and Mitigate Hallucinations Demian Till John Smeaton Peter Haubrick Gouse Saheb Florian Graef David Berman HILM 111 0 0 22 Oct 2025
HAD: HAllucination Detection Language Models Based on a Comprehensive Hallucination Taxonomy Fan Xu Xinyu Hu Zhenghan Yu Li Lin Xu Zhang Yang Zhang Wei Zhou Jinjie Gu Xiaojun Wan HILM 52 0 0 22 Oct 2025
KoSimpleQA: A Korean Factuality Benchmark with an Analysis of Reasoning LLMs Donghyeon Ko Yeguk Jin Kyubyung Chae Byungwook Lee Chansong Jo Sookyo In Jaehong Lee Taesup Kim Donghyun Kwak HILM 48 0 0 21 Oct 2025
Train for Truth, Keep the Skills: Binary Retrieval-Augmented Reward Mitigates Hallucinations Tong Chen Akari Asai Luke Zettlemoyer Hannaneh Hajishirzi Faeze Brahman OffRL HILM LRM 48 0 0 20 Oct 2025
Annotation-Efficient Universal Honesty Alignment Shiyu Ni Keping Bi Jiafeng Guo Minghao Tang Jingtong Wu Zengxin Han Xueqi Cheng HILM 44 0 0 20 Oct 2025
JT-Safe: Intrinsically Enhancing the Safety and Trustworthiness of LLMs Junlan Feng Fanyu Meng Chong Long Pengyu Cong Duqing Wang ... Z. Ren Fan Yang Na Wu Di Jin Chao Deng HILM 66 0 0 20 Oct 2025
Hallucination Benchmark for Speech Foundation Models Alkis Koudounas Moreno La Quatra Manuel Giollo Sabato Marco Siniscalchi Elena Baralis HILM 62 0 0 18 Oct 2025
MedTrust-RAG: Evidence Verification and Trust Alignment for Biomedical Question Answering Yingpeng Ning Yuanyuan Sun Ling Luo Yanhua Wang Yuchen Pan Hongfei Lin HILM 120 0 0 16 Oct 2025
Counting Hallucinations in Diffusion Models Shuai Fu Jian Zhou Qi Chen Huang Jing Huy Anh Nguyen Xiaohan Liu Zhixiong Zeng Lin Ma Quanshi Zhang Qi Wu DiffM HILM 95 0 0 15 Oct 2025
CPR: Mitigating Large Language Model Hallucinations with Curative Prompt RefinementIEEE International Conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics (SMC), 2024 Jung-Woo Shim Yeong-Joon Ju Ji-Hoon Park Seong-Whan Lee HILM LRM 54 0 0 14 Oct 2025
Uncertainty Quantification for Hallucination Detection in Large Language Models: Foundations, Methodology, and Future Directions Sungmin Kang Yavuz Faruk Bakman D. Yaldiz Baturalp Buyukates Salman Avestimehr HILM 56 2 0 14 Oct 2025
Credal Transformer: A Principled Approach for Quantifying and Mitigating Hallucinations in Large Language Models Shihao Ji Zihui Song Jiajie Huang HILM 40 0 0 14 Oct 2025
Teaching Language Models to Faithfully Express their Uncertainty Bryan Eikema Evgenia Ilia José G. C. de Souza Chrysoula Zerva Wilker Aziz HILM 36 0 0 14 Oct 2025
Hallucination Detection via Internal States and Structured Reasoning Consistency in Large Language Models Yusheng Song Lirong Qiu Xi Zhang Zhihao Tang HILM LRM 33 0 0 13 Oct 2025
FaStfact: Faster, Stronger Long-Form Factuality Evaluations in LLMs Yingjia Wan Haochen Tan Xiao Zhu Xinyu Zhou Z. Li ... Jiaqi Zeng Yi Xu Jianqiao Lu Yinhong Liu Zhijiang Guo HILM OffRL 147 0 0 13 Oct 2025
Discrepancy Detection at the Data Level: Toward Consistent Multilingual Question Answering Lorena Calvo-Bartolomé Valérie Aldana Karla Cantarero Alonso Madroñal de Mesa Jerónimo Arenas-García Jordan L. Boyd-Graber HILM 88 0 0 13 Oct 2025
Bolster Hallucination Detection via Prompt-Guided Data Augmentation Wenyun Li Zheng Zhang Dongmei Jiang Xiangyuan Lan HILM 64 0 0 13 Oct 2025
The Curious Case of Factual (Mis)Alignment between LLMs' Short- and Long-Form Answers Saad Obaid ul Islam Anne Lauscher Goran Glavaš HILM 32 0 0 13 Oct 2025
Detecting Hallucinations in Authentic LLM-Human Interactions Yujie Ren Niklas Gruhlke Anne Lauscher HILM 65 0 0 12 Oct 2025
FactAppeal: Identifying Epistemic Factual Appeals in News Media Guy Mor-Lan Tamir Sheafer Shaul R. Shenhav HILM 52 0 0 12 Oct 2025
On the Entity-Level Alignment in Crosslingual Consistency Yihong Liu Mingyang Wang François Yvon Hinrich Schütze HILM 24 0 0 11 Oct 2025
Large Language Model Sourcing: A Survey Liang Pang Kangxi Wu Sunhao Dai Zihao Wei Zenghao Duan ... Xiang Li Zhiyi Yin Jun Xu Huawei Shen Xueqi Cheng HILM 39 0 0 11 Oct 2025
ConsistencyAI: A Benchmark to Assess LLMs' Factual Consistency When Responding to Different Demographic Groups Peter Banyas Shristi Sharma Alistair Simmons Atharva Vispute HILM 62 0 0 11 Oct 2025
Enhancing Faithfulness in Abstractive Summarization via Span-Level Fine-Tuning Sicong Huang Qianqi Yan Shengze Wang Ian Lane HILM 61 0 0 10 Oct 2025
Large Language Models Do NOT Really Know What They Don't Know C. Cheang Hou Pong Chan Wenxuan Zhang Yang Deng HILM 51 0 0 10 Oct 2025
The Unintended Trade-off of AI Alignment:Balancing Hallucination Mitigation and Safety in LLMs Omar Mahmoud Ali Khalil B. L. Semage Thommen George Karimpanal Santu Rana HILM 44 0 0 09 Oct 2025
Comprehensiveness Metrics for Automatic Evaluation of Factual Recall in Text Generation Adam Dejl James Barry Alessandra Pascale Javier Carnerero-Cano HILM ELM 28 0 0 09 Oct 2025
Revisiting Hallucination Detection with Effective Rank-based Uncertainty Rui Wang Zeming Wei Guanzhang Yue Meng Sun UQCV HILM 101 0 0 09 Oct 2025
When Benchmarks Age: Temporal Misalignment through Large Language Model Factuality Evaluation Xunyi Jiang Dingyi Chang Julian McAuley Xin Xu HILM 36 0 0 08 Oct 2025
All Claims Are Equal, but Some Claims Are More Equal Than Others: Importance-Sensitive Factuality Evaluation of LLM Generations Miriam Wanner Leif Azzopardi Paul Thomas Soham Dan Benjamin Van Durme Nick Craswell HILM 45 0 0 08 Oct 2025
FinLFQA: Evaluating Attributed Text Generation of LLMs in Financial Long-Form Question Answering Yitao Long Tiansheng Hu Yilun Zhao Arman Cohan Chen Zhao HILM AIFin 56 0 0 07 Oct 2025
Distributional Semantics Tracing: A Framework for Explaining Hallucinations in Large Language Models Gagan Bhatia Somayajulu G Sripada Kevin Allan Jacobo Azcona HILM LRM 114 0 0 07 Oct 2025
When Models Lie, We Learn: Multilingual Span-Level Hallucination Detection with PsiloQA Elisei Rykov Kseniia Petrushina Maksim Savkin Valerii Olisov Artem Vazhentsev Kseniia Titova Alexander Panchenko Vasily Konovalov Julia Belikova HILM 61 1 0 06 Oct 2025
The Geometry of Truth: Layer-wise Semantic Dynamics for Hallucination Detection in Large Language Models Amir Hameed Mir HILM 47 0 0 06 Oct 2025

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