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Pre-trained Language Models Return Distinguishable Probability Distributions to Unfaithfully Hallucinated Texts

Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing (EMNLP), 2024
Main:5 Pages
8 Figures
Bibliography:3 Pages
5 Tables
Appendix:2 Pages
Abstract

In this work, we show the pre-trained language models return distinguishable generation probability and uncertainty distribution to unfaithfully hallucinated texts, regardless of their size and structure. By examining 24 models on 6 data sets, we find out that 88-98% of cases return statistically significantly distinguishable generation probability and uncertainty distributions. Using this general phenomenon, we showcase a hallucination-reducing training algorithm. Our algorithm outperforms other baselines by achieving higher faithfulness metrics while maintaining sound general text quality measures.

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