Bayesian Optimization for Controlled Image Editing via LLMs

In the rapidly evolving field of image generation, achieving precise control over generated content and maintaining semantic consistency remain significant limitations, particularly concerning grounding techniques and the necessity for model fine-tuning. To address these challenges, we propose BayesGenie, an off-the-shelf approach that integrates Large Language Models (LLMs) with Bayesian Optimization to facilitate precise and user-friendly image editing. Our method enables users to modify images through natural language descriptions without manual area marking, while preserving the original image's semantic integrity. Unlike existing techniques that require extensive pre-training or fine-tuning, our approach demonstrates remarkable adaptability across various LLMs through its model-agnostic design. BayesGenie employs an adapted Bayesian optimization strategy to automatically refine the inference process parameters, achieving high-precision image editing with minimal user intervention. Through extensive experiments across diverse scenarios, we demonstrate that our framework significantly outperforms existing methods in both editing accuracy and semantic preservation, as validated using different LLMs including Claude3 and GPT-4.

@article{cai2025_2502.18116,
  title={ Bayesian Optimization for Controlled Image Editing via LLMs },
  author={ Chengkun Cai and Haoliang Liu and Xu Zhao and Zhongyu Jiang and Tianfang Zhang and Zongkai Wu and Jenq-Neng Hwang and Serge Belongie and Lei Li },
  journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2502.18116},
  year={ 2025 }
}