We present the evaluation methodology, datasets and results of the BOP Challenge 2024, the 6th in a series of public competitions organized to capture the state of the art in 6D object pose estimation and related tasks. In 2024, our goal was to transition BOP from lab-like setups to real-world scenarios. First, we introduced new model-free tasks, where no 3D object models are available and methods need to onboard objects just from provided reference videos. Second, we defined a new, more practical 6D object detection task where identities of objects visible in a test image are not provided as input. Third, we introduced new BOP-H3 datasets recorded with high-resolution sensors and AR/VR headsets, closely resembling real-world scenarios. BOP-H3 include 3D models and onboarding videos to support both model-based and model-free tasks. Participants competed on seven challenge tracks. Notably, the best 2024 method for model-based 6D localization of unseen objects (FreeZeV2.1) achieves 22% higher accuracy on BOP-Classic-Core than the best 2023 method (GenFlow), and is only 4% behind the best 2023 method for seen objects (GPose2023) although being significantly slower (24.9 vs 2.7s per image). A more practical 2024 method for this task is Co-op which takes only 0.8s per image and is 13% more accurate than GenFlow. Methods have similar rankings on 6D detection as on 6D localization but higher run time. On model-based 2D detection of unseen objects, the best 2024 method (MUSE) achieves 21--29% relative improvement compared to the best 2023 method (CNOS). However, the 2D detection accuracy for unseen objects is still -35% behind the accuracy for seen objects (GDet2023), and the 2D detection stage is consequently the main bottleneck of existing pipelines for 6D localization/detection of unseen objects. The online evaluation system stays open and is available atthis http URL
View on arXiv@article{nguyen2025_2504.02812,
title={ BOP Challenge 2024 on Model-Based and Model-Free 6D Object Pose Estimation },
author={ Van Nguyen Nguyen and Stephen Tyree and Andrew Guo and Mederic Fourmy and Anas Gouda and Taeyeop Lee and Sungphill Moon and Hyeontae Son and Lukas Ranftl and Jonathan Tremblay and Eric Brachmann and Bertram Drost and Vincent Lepetit and Carsten Rother and Stan Birchfield and Jiri Matas and Yann Labbe and Martin Sundermeyer and Tomas Hodan },
journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2504.02812},
year={ 2025 }
}